Angkor Wat Temple

Most visitors approach Angkor Wat via the grand western causeway, an expansive terrace that spans the 200-meter-wide moat and leads directly to the main entrance. Upon arrival, guests encounter the outer wall, which measures 1025 meters by 800 meters. Inside this wall, one can find another causeway, two libraries, and the remnants of two pools. Beyond these pools lies the central temple structure, which is designed across three levels. Each level encompasses a square area surrounded by interconnected galleries.

The third level, the most remarkable, was originally accessible only to the King and the high priest. Rising to a height of 42 meters, it offers breathtaking views of Angkor Park and is notable for its architectural significance. Although the ascent is steep, the experience is undoubtedly rewarding.

Angkor Wat was built during the reign of Suryavarman II, a king known for his military conquests, who ruled from 1113 AD until approximately 1150 AD. In addition to Angkor Wat, Suryavarman II is also recognized for the construction of the Beng Melea and Banteay Samre temples.

Dedicated to the deity Vishnu, Angkor Wat is uniquely oriented to the west, which has led many scholars to theorize that it served as a funerary temple. Following the death of Suryavarman II, the temple was largely abandoned when Jayavarman established a new capital at Angkor Thom. Nevertheless, a small community has persisted in the Angkor Wat vicinity up to modern times. The surrounding moat provided some degree of protection from the encroaching jungle, unlike the situation with Ta Prohm, and monks resided in and around the temple for many years, while the walls offered refuge to those fleeing during the civil war.

The temple was “discovered” by António da Madalena in 1586, but it was the travel accounts of French explorer Henri Mouhot in the mid-19th century that truly brought global attention to Angkor Wat. The site was designated a World Heritage Site in 1992, and since then, restoration efforts have been actively pursued.

One of the key attractions of Angkor Wat for numerous visitors is the collection of remarkably preserved bas-reliefs adorning its walls. Throughout the temple, numerous carvings of apsaras and devatas can be observed; however, it is the expansive reliefs that narrate entire stories that garner the most interest. Among the most renowned are the reliefs illustrating the Battle of Kurukshetra, the Churning of the Ocean of Milk, and the Army of Suryavarman II.

The Battle of Kurukshetra Located in the southern section of the west gallery, this panel depicts the battle from the Hindu epic Mahabharata. Certain areas appear to be black marble, a result of centuries of visitors polishing the surface by tracing the figures with their fingers.

Churning of the Ocean of Milk Arguably the most iconic bas-relief at Angkor Wat is found in the southern part of the east gallery, showcasing gods and demons engaged in the churning of the ocean to obtain the elixir of immortality.

The Army of Suryavarman II In the western section of the south gallery, one can gain insights into the king responsible for the construction of Angkor Wat and his perception of his military strength, which is often regarded as somewhat exaggerated. These two panels depict foot soldiers, offerings, commanders, and ultimately, Suryavarman II riding an elephant.

1. Angkor Wat’s moat serves multiple purposes beyond mere security, water supply, or visual appeal. It is an integral component of a complex groundwater system, which includes the large reservoir, known as Baray, located to the north of Angkor Park. This system plays a crucial role in stabilizing the temple’s foundations during periods of seasonal flooding and drought.

2. The steps leading to the central sanctuary, currently covered with wooden planks, are intentionally steep to symbolize the necessity of ascending to the realm of the gods on one’s knees.

3. The construction of Angkor Wat spanned roughly 40 years. For context, the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, which was built around the same era, required 182 years to complete.

4. The term “Angkor” translates to “city,” while “Wat” means “temple,” thus rendering Angkor Wat as “City Temple.”

5. There are differing interpretations regarding the inspiration behind Angkor Wat’s architectural design. Some suggest that the five peaks are modeled after the sacred Mount Meru, while others believe they resemble lotus flowers. Additionally, some analyses propose that the overall design symbolizes a miniature universe or reflects the recurring yoni and linga motifs found throughout Angkor.

1. If you plan to witness the sunrise at Angkor Wat, exercise patience. As dawn approaches, some visitors may become disheartened and leave, mistakenly believing that a full sunrise will not occur. However, those who remain a bit longer will be rewarded with a stunning orange sunrise illuminating the moat and the temple towers.

2. It is essential to wear light, loose-fitting attire that adequately covers your knees and shoulders. Visitors who do not comply with this dress code will be denied entry to the central sanctuary. Additionally, displaying excessive skin at a religious site is generally viewed as disrespectful by many Cambodians.

3. For those seeking tranquility amidst the grandeur of the temples, consider visiting the East Gate. The shaded grassy area provides a serene spot to relax and absorb the surroundings away from the bustling crowds.

4. The peak lunch hours at the temples typically occur between 11:30 AM and 2:00 PM. This timeframe presents an excellent opportunity to explore Angkor Wat’s central sanctuary, allowing you to avoid long lines and enjoy a more peaceful experience.

5. Contemplating a visit to Cambodia during the rainy season? One notable benefit of the rains is that they replenish the moat and pools at Angkor Wat, enhancing the beauty of the landscape. Pack a rain poncho in your bag and set out early to appreciate the picturesque water features without getting wet.

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